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OBJECTIVE：To provide method reference for scientifically eva luating the rationality of the use of saxagliptin . METHODS：Based on the drug instructions ，clinical guidelines ，clinical pathways ，related references ，clinical endocrinology department and pharmaceutical experts of a hospital jointly discussed and formulated the evaluation criteria for the rationality of the use of saxagliptin. AHP method was used to assign weights to various indexes of evaluation criteria ；TOPSIS method was used to analyze the use of saxagliptin of 106 cases in the hospital during Nov. 2018-Apr. 2019 retrospectively and evaluate rational drug use. RESULTS ：A total of 6 primary indicators and 12 secondary indicators were established. The first three indicators with a relatively high index weight were indications （with a weight of 0.25），dose and adjustment of administration （with a weight of 0.21）and frequency of administration （with a weight of 0.15）. Among 106 cases，39.6％ of drug use were reasonable ，51.0％ were basically reasonable and 9.4％ were unreasonable. Evaluation results made by weighted TOPSIS were consistent with the actual situation. CONCLUSIONS ：TOPSIS method weighted by AHP is reasonable and feasible for evaluating the rationality of saxagliptin use.
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Combined with the development of modem hospital pharmacy,in light of the present condition of the continuing education for the hospital pharmacists,based on the continuing education mode and method of the affiliated provincial hospital of Anhui medical university pharmacists,from the establishment of continuing education's goal and mode,the construction of hierarchical continuing education system,and education content integration aspects,this paper expounds the role and influence of the pharmacist professional skill contest.Through pharmacist professional skill contest,pharmacist can test and evaluate the hospital pharmacist professional ability,gradually improve pharmaceutical service level and quality of pharmacists.By introducing the pharmacist professional skill contest,pharmacist can not only timely adjust the continuing education's plan and ways,better coordinate with the development of hospital pharmacists,but also provide important technical support and talent reserves for the pharmacist professional skill contest.
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Aim To investigate the effect of berberine on the expression of nephrin, podocin and intergrinα3β1 in diabetic nephropathy ( DN ) rat model, and further probe in to the renoprotective effects of berber-ine and its potential mechanisms. Methods The rat model of DN was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin ( STZ ) after fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet for six weeks. The rats were assigned into 6 groups randomly: normal control group, DN model group, BBR (50,100 and 200 mg·kg-1 ) treatment group and enalaprilat positive control group ( 1 mg · kg-1 ) . The distribution and expression of kidney podocyte related proteins nephrin, podocin and interg-rinα3β1 were detected by immunohistochemical meth-od following electron microscopy observation ( × 1000 ) and high magnification observation( × 400) and West-ern blot. Results The podocyte related protein neph-rin, podocin and intergrin α3β1 were mainly distribu-ted in podocyte, but slightly different. Compared with normal control group, the expresion of podocyte related protein nephrin, podocin and intergrin α3β1 was de-creased obviously; compared with model group, BBR (100 and 200 mg·kg-1 ) treatment group could sig-nificantly suppress the abnormalities of pathological changes of the kidney and upregulate the expression levels of podocyte specific protein nephrin, podocin and intergrin α3β1 in the kidney of diabetic rats with nephropathy. Conclusions Berberine could alleviate the abnormalities of kidney pathological changes and proteinuria production in the DN model rats, which may be related to the upregulation of the expression of the podocyte proteins nephrin, podocin and intergrinα3β1.
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Aim To investigate the renoprotective effect of berberine in diabetic nephropathy rat model. Methods The rat model of DN was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin ( STZ ) after fed with high sugar and high fat diet for six weeks. The rats were divided into 5 groups randomly, i. e. normal control group, model group, BBR ( 50 mg · kg-1 ) , BBR ( 100 mg · kg-1 ) and BBR ( 200 mg · kg-1 ) treatment group. The fasting blood glucose ( FBG) was evaluated at 2, 4, 6,8 week respectively. The patho-logical changes in the kidney were determined by PAS staining. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot respectively. Results Compared with normal control group, the value of FBG, SCr, BUN and UTP of model group were sharply increased. Compared with model group, the value of FBG in ber-berine different dosage treatment groups were signifi-cantly decreased to various degrees, and berberine dif-ferent dosage treatment could decrease the levels of SCr, BUN and UTP in different degree. Berberine could surpress the alterations of pathological changes in the kidneys and downregulate the expression levels of VEGF in the kidney of diabetic rats with nephropathy. Conclusion Berberine could significantly ameliorate the biochemical indicators and renal injury of the model rats through affecting the abnormal expression levels of VEGF in the kidney.
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Objective To compare the efficacy of Wy10 bleaching equipment and Beyond Ⅱcold light whitening apparatus for discolored tooth.Methods 100 patients were randomed into two groups:treatment group and control group.50 patients accepted the treatment of Wy10 (treatment group),and another 50 patients accepted the treatment of Beyond Ⅱ (control group).Efficacy was measured according to the Vita classical shade guide after treatment.Sensitivity between groups were tested by SPSS11.0 software package.Results The two groups did not significantly differ in tooth shade at the end of the treatment.Significant differences in sensitivity were detected between experimental group and control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Both of treatment with using the Wy10 and Beyond Ⅱ system shows significant clinical efficacy,and Wy10 bleaching equipment can significantly solve patients' problems due to postoperative tooth sensitivity and fear.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect and mechanism of berberine on diabetic nephropathy in experimental rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The rat model of diabetic nephropathy was induced by injection of streptozocin (STZ). The rats were divided into 6 groups: control group, model group, 3 berberine treatment groups and Xiaoke Wan (XKW) treatment group. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), kidney weight/body weight (KW/BW), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and urinary protein (Upro) were tested 8 weeks later. The expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and type IV collagen (IV-C) proteins in renal tissue of diabetic rats with nephropathy were observed by optical micrography.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Berberine could reduce the levels of FBG, KW/BW, BUN, Cr, Upro and the expression of TGF-beta1 and IV-C proteins in renal tissue of diabetic rats with nephropathy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Berberine may protect renal function and slow down the progression of diabetic nephropathy in rats by suppressing the expression of TGF-beta1 and IV-C proteins in renal tissue.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Berberine , Pharmacology , Collagen Type IV , Genetics , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Metabolism , Diabetic Nephropathies , Metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation , Mesangial Cells , Metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Streptozocin , Transforming Growth Factor beta1 , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of glucosides of cbaenomeles speciosa (GCS) on the expression of EP2 and EP4 in synovial tissues from rats with adjuvant arthritis. Methods Complete Freund's adjuvant (FCA) was used to induce adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats. The synoviocytes from AA rats were collected and incubated. Synoviocytes proliferation was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazal-2yl) 2,5-dipbeny+hetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. Levels of prostaglandins E2(PGE2) and cAMP were determined by radioim-munoassay (RIA). The expression of EP2 and EP4 was detected by Western blot analysis. Results GCS significantly inhibited the proliferation of synoviocytes. GCS decreased the level of PGE2 and increased the level of cAMP. The results of correlation analysis demonstrated that GCS inhibited synoviocytes hyperplasia by increasing the level of cAMP in synoviocytes. The results of Western blot analysis demonstrated that GCS significantly improved the expression of EP2 and EP4. Condusion These results suggest that restoring normal transduction of the EP-G protein-cAMP signal pathway may be one of the most important mechanisms of GCS.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Compound Rhizoma Coptidis capsule (CRCC) on hemorheology and blood lipid in rats with diabetes mellitus(DM). METHODS: DM model was induced by alloxan. The effects of CRCC on hemorheology and blood lipid in DM rats were observed. RESULTS: The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), lipoprotein, the whole blood viscosity, the whole blood reductive viscosity, aggregation index (AI), rigidity index (IR), distortion deformation transformation index (TK) and fibrinogen (Fib) were all increased by CRCC, while the level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) was increased. CONCLUSION: CRCC can significantly improve the abnormalities in hemorheology and lipid metabolism in DM rats.
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Aim To study the effects of glucosides of cheanomeles speciosa(GCS)on the levels of serum antibodies in rats with adjuvant arthritis.Methods SD rats were divided randomly into six groups, including normal, model, GCS(30,60,120 mg?kg-1)and glucosides of tripterygium wifordii(GTW) groups. Complete Freund′s adjuvant was used to induce AA in rats. The level of circulating immune complexes in serum was determined by PEG 6 000 assay, while the levels of anti-CⅡ antibody, and anti-TB antibody in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results GCS(30,60,120 mg?kg-1)and GTW(40 mg?kg-1)were given by intragastric administration for 8 days from the 17 th day after immunization. GCS(60,120 mg?kg-1)reduced the levels of circulating immune complexes, anti-CⅡantibody, and anti-TB antibody in serum in rats with adjuvant arthritis.Conclusions GCS down regulates the levels of serum antibodies in rats with adjuvant arthritis, which may be related to its efficacy in the treatment of rats with AA.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determination of the content of puerarin in compound Rhizoma Coptidis graininess METHODS:HPLC method was used The samples were separated by C18 (4 6mm?250mm,5?m) column with the mobile phase of methanol-water(30∶70) The detection wavelength was set at 250nm Flow rate was 1 0ml/min Column temperature was 30℃ RESULTS:The linear ranges of puerarin was 0 312?g～1 560?g The average recovery was 99 2%,RSD=2 08%(n=5) CONCLUSION:The method is sensitive,rapid and accurate and suitable for the determination of puerarin in compound Rhizoma Coptidis graininess
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OBJECTIVE: To optimize the extraction technology of pueraria, ophiopogonis, and loquat leaf. METHODS: Orthogonal test was carried out. The influence of concentration of solvent, the dosage of solvent, time length of extraction, and frequency of extraction on extraction results were investigated by using the content of pueraria as index. RESULTS: The optimal extraction technique was to extract pueraria in 60% alcohol 8 times the weight of herbal medicine for 3 times, with 60 minute for each time. CONCLUSION: High yield of extractum and high content of pueraria are obtained with the present technology. The results are stable and replicable, which can provide reference for preparation of Huanglian powder.
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OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction technology of berberine from Rhizoma Coptidis.METHODS:The or?thogonal-test method was adopted to research the effects of5factors,including the concentration and volume of alcohol,the concentration of H 2 SO 4 ,the duration and times of extraction on the yielding rate of berberine from Rhizoma Coptidis.RESUL TS:The optimum technology of extracting berberine from Rhizoma Coptidis was described as follows:The concentration of al?cohol containing0.25%H 2 SO 4 was80%,and volume of alcohol was6times raw herb.To extract the herb for3times was optimum and duration of extraction was1.5h for each time.CONCLUSION:The content of berberine in the product is over90%,so this technology is suitable for industrialized production.